Helping Children Laugh Can Make Their Brains More Resilient and Learning Easier

SWNS via Kristine Koroleva

Laughter is the best medicine, according to an old adage. Now, new research suggests it also boosts child development.

Making children laugh can help make their brains more resilient and open to learning, according to scientists.

Laughter builds deep emotional connections and soothes youngsters’ nervous systems, making them more resilient—because laughter is not frivolous, but rather a complex biological phenomenon.

Dr. Jacqueline Harding conducted extensive studies into how laughter and play contribute to healthy brain growth, emotional well-being, and social bonding.

The early childhood expert at Middlesex University in northwest London, argues in her new book The Brain That Loves to Laugh says laughter can help children navigate life’s challenges and better handle stress.

“Hope and humor, it seems, are not just the seasoning of life, but foundational to a recipe for healthy development,” said Dr Harding.

“When we see children laugh, we witness the brilliance of the brain in action: learning, connecting, and growing.”

It precedes the neural development of speech, she explained. But it also engages a distributed network of brain regions, including motor areas and the pre­frontal cortex.

Laughter also “influences heart rate, respiration and production of antibodies.”

“It decreases the stress hormones cortisol and epinephrine, and increases ‘happiness chemicals’ dopamine, serotonin and endorphins.

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“It can strengthen the immune system and improve memory.

“Neuroimaging studies suggest that laughter plays a significant role in brain activity, as humor is cognitively demanding and engages neuro-plasticity.

“It challenges the brain to predict and resolve tension between conflicting ideas, providing a mental workout that enhances creative thought and activates both the working memory and frontal lobes.

“On the other hand, prolonged stress negatively affects both physical and mental development. It can impair learning, increase adult stress risk, suppress immune function, and contribute to illness.”

“I believe that as we continue to wrestle with humor – this most intriguing human function – we must strive to shake off any dismissal of its frivolous nature and allow its seri­ous contribution to human learning and life in general to shine.

“In parents and their children, laughter can boost the levels of happy chemical oxytocin and enhance neural synchrony during parent-child interactions – in other words, build emotional bonds.

“These bonds are beneficial to the child and even contribute to a reduction in parental burnout and stress.”

Credit: La Priz (CC license)

But parents don’t need to rattle off jokes

Instead of jokes, simple shared play and laughter between parents and children, with eye contact, smiles, and close proximity, can all foster connection.

“Creative, happy play does its most brilliant work at a molecular level, especially at a time when the human brain is at its most receptive,” explained Harding.

“Spontaneous joyful play is an antidote to stress, as it increases levels of endorphins released by the brain.”

As well as nurturing bonds, she suggests that “humor and hope” can improve a child’s resilience to stressful events.

“The link between co-regulation and self-regulation is now well established. Co-regulation means the way in which the baby is guided by a caring and supportive adult early in life, so that they have a working model to draw upon for their own self-regulation as they mature.”

“The immune system needs a store of positive experiences from which to draw.”

Her studies show that, in a child’s brain, the limbic system—which regulates func­tions such as emotion, behavior, and long-term memory—develops alongside the brain’s executive functions that help us plan, evaluate, and make decisions.

“Stated simply, the emotional state of young children directly influences how they navigate their way through the world.”

She says that carefully finding gentle ways to introduce joy and hope, and ease the burden on their nervous system, can even help youngsters who have already experienced extensive trauma.

Dr. Harding advocates integrating humor into educational settings to reduce the cognitive load, making complex information more digestible, and refresh the current educational paradigm.

“Maybe, just maybe, one day the value of hope, humor, and human connection will be taken as seriously as it deserves.” Helping Children Laugh Can Make Their Brains More Resilient and Learning Easier

Read More........→June 10, 2026

Why do I wake up so tired after vivid dreams?

Yaqoot Fatima, University of the Sunshine Coast; Danielle Wilson, University of the Sunshine Coast, and Nisreen Aouira, University of the Sunshine Coast

Some mornings when you wake up, your head is fuzzy, your body is heavy, and you don’t feel rested. It felt like you were dreaming all night.

But did all that dreaming actually wear you out? Let’s look at what the science says.

We all dream, but not everyone remembers it

Most dreaming occurs during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which makes up 20–25% of our total sleep time.

We have four to six rounds of REM throughout the night, with each round growing longer as morning approaches. We all dream, and most of us dream multiple times a night, whether we remember it or not.

If you wake up during or just after a REM period, you are more likely to remember what you were dreaming.

Whether you remember a dream can also depend on the emotional intensity of the dream and whether you briefly wake up in the night, as well as differences in how individual brains store memories overnight.

People who regularly remember vivid, emotionally intense dreams tend to have lighter, more broken sleep.

What happens in your brain when you dream?

During REM sleep, your brain is running almost as hard as it does when you are awake, firing away, while your body lies completely still. Your muscles are essentially paralysed, which stops you acting out what’s happening in the dream.

At the same time, the parts of the brain that handle emotion – the amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus – are highly active. The prefrontal cortex, which normally keeps things rational and logical, is much less engaged.

So you get vivid, emotionally charged experiences that feel completely real but make no logical sense. That part is normal.

How long do dreams last? And are we any good at judging?

Most people assume dreams are brief, fragmented flashes.

In fact, the evidence suggests otherwise. REM sleep dreams appear to unfold roughly in real time.

When researchers have woken people from REM sleep and asked them to describe their dream, the length of their account closely matches the duration spent in the dreaming stage of sleep (REM episode). A dream that feels like 20 minutes was probably about that long in real life.

Where people go wrong is estimating how much of the whole night they spent dreaming. A stressful or vivid dream feels longer and stays with you. A dull one vanishes before you even open your eyes.

On top of that, we mostly remember dreams we actually woke up during.

Someone who was sure they dreamed all night probably had a completely normal night of REM sleep. They just happened to wake during the emotionally charged parts, and those are the ones that stuck.

So does dreaming itself actually tire you out?

During REM sleep, your brain isn’t resting in the way deep sleep allows. Even so, brain imaging studies suggest this energy use alone doesn’t account for the fatigue people feel after a heavy night of dreaming.

Dreaming on its own does not seem to impact your sleep quality unless it tips into nightmares.

The more straightforward explanation is this: if you remember a dream, you almost certainly woke up during it. Those wake-ups, even the ones you barely register, take time away from deep sleep.

These wake-ups also give the brain less opportunity to clear a waste product called adenosine. During the day, adenosine builds up in the brain. As it accumulates, the pressure to sleep grows. One of sleep’s main jobs is to flush this out, and it does that most effectively during deep sleep. Wake up before it’s done and you might find yourself more tired the next day.

Waking from REM sleep is also harder on the body than waking from lighter stages. It can produce sleep inertia, that thick, foggy state in which your brain refuses to come online. The tiredness is not a consequence of dreaming: it’s a consequence of when you woke up and what stage you were pulled from.

Consider the quality of your sleep

When sleep is cut short or is repeatedly broken, the brain makes up for lost REM time on subsequent nights, spending a higher proportion of sleep in that stage. This is called REM rebound.

REM rebound is a compensatory response rather than a problem in itself. The actual problem is whatever is causing the sleep disruption.

If you regularly remember most of your dreams, feel like the number of dreams you have has increased, or find yourself waking up tired most mornings, your fragmented sleep may mean the brain isn’t getting the deep, restorative stages it needs.

If this describes you, and it affects how you feel and function through the day, it’s worth having a conversation with your doctor.

Yaqoot Fatima, Professor of Sleep Health, University of the Sunshine Coast; Danielle Wilson, Research Fellow and Sleep Scientist at the Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, and Nisreen Aouira, Research Program Manager, Let's Yarn About Sleep, Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Read More........→May 26, 2026